@article {53397,
	title = {Cognitive constraints on optimal foraging in frog-eating bats},
	journal = {Animal Behaviour},
	volume = {143},
	year = {2018},
	month = {Jan-09-2018},
	pages = {43 - 50},
	abstract = {<p>Animals are expected to optimize energy intake when choosing between different foraging options. A common explanation for deviations from optimal economic decisions is that there is an imperfect relationship between physical reality and an animal\&$\#$39;s perceptual processes, which can constrain assessment of profitability. One such phenomenon that is apparently ubiquitous across taxa is proportional processing, where a perceived change in a stimulus is proportional to the change in stimulus magnitude. In this study, we investigated whether proportional processing explains how frog-eating bats, Trachops cirrhosus, discriminate between patches of frog choruses that vary in their number of calling frogs. To test this, we created artificial choruses consisting of one to six calling frogs. In the flight cage, we then tested the preference of bats (N = 17) with every pairwise combination of chorus size. We found that while bats generally preferred larger choruses, preferences for larger choruses were better explained by the relative, not absolute, differences in chorus sizes. This indicates that T. cirrhosus is perceptually limited in its ability to discriminate between choruses of varying size as the choruses increase in size. Foragers are likely to be less choosy when choosing among larger patches.</p>
},
	keywords = {Decision making, foraging, frog-eating bat, patch choice, proportional processing, t{\'u}ngara frog},
	issn = {00033472},
	doi = {10.1016/j.anbehav.2018.07.007},
	url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0003347218302227https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0003347218302227?httpAccept=text/xmlhttps://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0003347218302227?httpAccept=text/plain},
	author = {Hemingway, Claire T. and Michael J. Ryan and Rachel A. Page}
}
@article {12665,
	title = {Selective phonotaxis of female crickets under natural outdoor conditions},
	journal = {Journal of Comparative Physiology A},
	volume = {200},
	year = {2014},
	month = {Jan-03-2014},
	pages = {239 - 250},
	abstract = {Acoustic mate choice in insects has been extensively studied under laboratory conditions, using different behavioural paradigms. Ideally, however, mate choice designs should reflect natural conditions, including the physical properties of the transmission channel for the signal. Since little is known about the discrimination ability of females between male song variants under natural conditions, we performed phonotaxis experiments with female field crickets (Gryllus bimaculatus) outdoors, using two-choice decisions based on differences in carrier frequency, sound pressure level, and chirp rate. For all three song parameters, minimum differences necessary for a significant preference between two song models were considerably larger outdoors compared to laboratory conditions. A minimum amplitude difference of 5 dB was required for a significant choice in the field, compared to only 1{\textendash}2 dB reported for lab-based experiments. Due to the tuned receiver system, differences in carrier frequency equal differences in perceived loudness, and the results on choice for differences in carrier frequency corroborate those in amplitude. Similarly, chirp rate differences of 50 chirps/min were required outdoors compared to only 20 chirps/min in the lab. For predictions about patterns of sexual selection, future studies need to consider the different outcomes of mate choice decisions in lab and field trials.},
	keywords = {acoustic communication, Decision making, Female choice, Field cricket, phonotaxis},
	issn = {0340-7594},
	doi = {10.1007/s00359-014-0881-7},
	url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00359-014-0881-7},
	author = {Hirtenlehner, Stefan}
}
