02138nas a2200181 4500008004100000245016300041210006900204520137500273653001001648653001801658653002701676653002501703100001701728700002201745700002301767700003001790856013601820 2019 eng d00aDiverse patterns of temporal selectivity in the evoked vocal responses of a frog from the temperate austral forest, Batrachyla taeniata (Batrachylidae)0 aDiverse patterns of temporal selectivity in the evoked vocal res3 a

Evoked vocal responses of male frogs Batrachyla taeniata to syn- thetic advertisement calls and variants having different temporal features altered parametrically were studied to identify patterns of evoked vocal responses (EVRs) that conform with static and dynamic modes of variation and with corresponding selective processes affected by different temporal components of the acoustic signals. Frogs responded with higher call rates and longer call durations to stimuli of 25–100 pulses/s, resembling conspecific calls. This response mode was not related to spectral differences among stimuli, as frogs responded similarly to a series of stimuli built with noise instead of tones. Frogs responded with lower call rates and shorter call durations to a non-pulsed 500-ms tone having the duration of the complete call, a decrement related to the dissimilar spectral composition of the tone, restricted to a single frequency, as frogs responded strongly to a non-pulsed 500-ms stimulus built with noise instead of a 2.1-kHz sinusoidal. Frogs responded with lower call rates and shorter call durations to synthetic calls composed by 3 or less pulses. The EVRs for pulse rate stimuli series are consistent with a stabilizing selectivity pat- tern, whereas EVRs for pulse duration and call duration stimuli series conform with directional selectivity patterns.

10aAnura10aBatrachylidae10aevoked vocal responses10atemporal selectivity1 aPenna, Mario1 aSolís, Rigoberto1 aCorradini, Paulina1 aMoreno-Gómez, Felipe, N. uhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09524622.2019.1616616https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/09524622.2019.161661602606nas a2200205 4500008004100000245010200041210006900143260001600212520194500228653001802173653002602191653001202217653002902229653002402258100001702282700002302299700002002322700001502342856004302357 2017 eng d00aRestricted responsiveness to noise interference in two anurans from the southern temperate forest0 aRestricted responsiveness to noise interference in two anurans f cFeb-08-20183 a

Animals adopt different strategies to communicate by means of sound in noisy envi - ronments such that some species increase, while others decrease their vocal activity in the presence of interference. Anuran amphibians from diverse latitudes exhibit both kinds of responses. Recent studies have shown that males of Batrachyla taeniata and Batrachyla antartandica from the temperate austral forest do not call in response to the presentation of advertisement calls of sympatric congeneric species. In contrast, Batrachyla leptopus responds to these signals in a similar way as to conspecific calls. The responsiveness of B. taeniata to natural abiotic interference has also been tested and found that noises of such sources produce strong increases in vocal activity. To assess the diversity in responsiveness to acoustic intrusion in this group, we exposed males of B. leptopus and B. antartandica to prolonged pre- recorded natural abiotic noises of wind, creek, rain, and to a band- pass noise centered at 2,000 Hz, at 67 dB Sound Pressure Level (SPL). The subjects did not increase their vocal activity signifi - cantly when exposed to these sounds and to band- pass noise at increasing intensities (55–79 dB SPL). These results contrast with the increase in vocal activity observed previously in B. taeniata to continuous abiotic noise and point to the existence of di - verse strategies to confront acoustic intrusion among related species. The lack of vocal activation observed also contrasts with the responsiveness of B. leptopus to het- erospecific signals, but parallels the lack of response to such sounds in B. antartandica . Furthermore, the results obtained contrast with the responsiveness of these species to synthetic prolonged sounds observed in previous studies, suggesting that the modes of responses to acoustic intrusion may depend on previous experience, rather than having a species- specific nature.

10aabiotic noise10aacoustic interference10aanurans10aaustral temperate forest10asound communication1 aPenna, Mario1 aCisternas, Javiera1 aToloza, Jessica1 aFoster, S. uhttp://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/eth.12644