02447nas a2200265 4500008004100000245016200041210006900203300001200272490000700284520147300291653001901764653001301783653001401796653002001810653003101830100001901861700003601880700003201916700001801948700003201966700002001998700001702018700002302035856012302058 2018 eng d00aEthology of the cricket Endecous (Endecous) chape Souza-Dias & de Mello, 2017 (Orthoptera: Grylloidea: Phalangopsidae) I: Agonistic and reproductive behavior0 aEthology of the cricket Endecous Endecous chape SouzaDias de Mel a193-2010 v273 a

The mating behaviors of crickets, especially those related to agonistic encounters and oviposition, are poorly known. For example, only 10 of the 1005 valid species of Phalangopsidae have been studied to some extent. Here, we describe the reproductive behavior of Endecous (Endecous) chape, characterizing the actions involved in agonistic encounters, mating behaviors (female attraction, pair-formation, courtship, mating, and post-copulatory behavior), and oviposition. We recorded and timed agonistic, mating, and oviposition behaviors in staged trials. The male-male interactions of E.chape ranged in aggressiveness from low intensity (only antennal interaction) to high intensity (reciprocal fights). In the mating behavior, males courted females through antennation of the females’ abdomen and cerci, followed by production of acoustic signals (with the exception of two males). Copulation occurred with females positioned above males (as is typical of Phalangopsidae), with an average elapsed time of 684.13 s, which is shorter than in other Phalangopsidae. We observed oviposition behavior only when three gravid females were placed together in an arena. Here, we contribute new knowledge of phalangopsid cricket behavior and provide useful information for understanding the evolution of reproductive behaviors. New characters described here can be used in phylogenetic analysis and for future studies about sexual selection and natural history.

10aaggressiveness10aethology10aLuzarinae10amating behavior10aParque Nacional do Iguaçu1 aFianco, Marcos1 ade Souza-Dias, Pedro, Guilherme1 ade Farias-Martins, Fernando1 aMagro, Suzana1 aPrasniewski, Victor, Mateus1 aRicci, Jéssica1 aZefa, Edison1 aSzinwelski, Neucir uhttps://bio.acousti.ca/content/ethology-cricket-endecous-endecous-chape-souza-dias-de-mello-2017-orthoptera-grylloidea01775nas a2200145 4500008004100000245006400041210006400105520128300169653001301452653002401465653001601489100001801505700002101523856008501544 2019 eng d00aPropagation of bird vocalizations in the Alpine environment0 aPropagation of bird vocalizations in the Alpine environment3 a

Rock ptarmigan is a bird living in the mountains tops, whose population tends to decrease in Europe over the last decade, notably due to climate change, habitat loss and human disturbance. Censusing of number of birds in the Alps is realized via point-count monitoring using birds vocalization. However, detection of bird vocalizations by the human hear is somewhat tricky in these non-homogeneous landforms, due to sound propagation effects. In order to improve the counting method, it is necessary to understand how bird vocalizations propagate in the Alpine environment. With this aim, a propagation model based on a ray-tracing approach is developed and includes topography, ground reflection and absorption and atmospheric refraction and absorption. The model is first validated in both frequency and time domains against reference results obtained with a numerical solution of the linearized Euler equations for simple cases. Propagation of the bird vocalization in the Alpine environment is then illustrated. It is shown that the active space of the bird dramatically depends on the environment. The modeling of active and detection space will provide precise information for the birds monitoring, enabling managers to define more precisely their counting plans.

10aethology10aOutdoor propagation10aRay tracing1 aBerger, Loïc1 aSebe, Frédéric uhttps://bio.acousti.ca/content/propagation-bird-vocalizations-alpine-environment02454nas a2200193 4500008004100000022001400041245016700055210006900222260001600291300000800307490000700315520172200322653001202044653001302056653001402069653002502083100002302108856012902131 2007 eng d a0312-316200aObservations of the biology and inlmature stages of the sandgroper Cylindraustralia kochii (Saussure), with notes on some congeners (Orthoptera: Cylindrachetidae)0 aObservations of the biology and inlmature stages of the sandgrop cJan-01-2007 a2190 v233 a

Field and laboratory observations of Cylindraustralia kochii are presented with notes on some congeners. Nymphs and adults create galleries in moist soil by compression of the soil with their powerful fore legs, burrowing to depths of up to 1.9 m. During the cooler months and 1ñ2 days after rain, sandgropers commonly burrow long distances close to the soil surface producing conspicuous raised trails. Adults and nymphs of various sizes were found throughout the year. Eggs and early immatures of the genus (and family) are described for the first time. Pedicellate eggs of C. kochii were suspended singly in closed chambers 40ñ190 cm deep in moist soil. A ëlarvalí stage hatches from the egg and moults to a first instar nymph while still in the egg chamber. Five nymphal instars are indicated by morphometric and morphological data. Eggs are laid from autumn to spring but hatching was only observed in mid summer. A duration of at least 12 months is indicated for first instar nymphs, so the complete life cycle may extend over several years. Examination of gut contents revealed that sandgropers are omnivorous, consuming a wide array of plant, fungal and arthropod material. Plant food included root, stem, leaf, flower and seed tissue. Cannibalism occurred in one very dense population of C. kochii. Otherwise, no insect predators or parasitoids were encountered. Associated organisms included gregarines and Amoeba (Protista) in the intestines, rhabditid nematodes in the genital chambers of adults, and six species of mesostigmatid and astigmatid mites which adhered externally to the body. Nymphs and adults produce an odorous, probably defensive secretion from a pair of abdominal glands.

10aecology10aethology10aparasites10asubterranean insects1 aHouston, Terry, F. uhttp://museum.wa.gov.au/research/records-supplements/records/observation-biology-and-immature-stages-sandgroper-cylindraustr