@article {53569, title = {Bat Predation and Its Influence on Calling Behavior in Neotropical Katydids}, journal = {Science}, volume = {238}, year = {1987}, month = {Feb-10-1987}, pages = {64 - 67}, abstract = {

Insectivorous bats have influenced the development of antipredator behavior in moths, green lacewings, crickets, and mantids; until recently, such adaptations were unknown in katydids. Foliage-gleaning bats in Panama can use the female-attracting, airborne calling songs of nocturnal katydids to locate prey. They also feed heavily on these insects. Katydid species sympatric with these bats exhibit markedly reduced calling song duty cycles. Males supplement shortened songs with complex, species-specific tremulations that generate vibrations that are inaudible to bats but reach conspecific females through a shared plant substrate. Female katydids do not call audibly but are also preyed on in large numbers, perhaps as a result of moving toward calling males.

}, issn = {0036-8075}, doi = {10.1126/science.238.4823.64}, url = {http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/doi/10.1126/science.238.4823.64https://syndication.highwire.org/content/doi/10.1126/science.238.4823.64}, author = {Belwood, Jacqueline Janine and Glenn K. Morris} } @article {51484, title = {Song Structure and Description of Some Costa Rican Katydids (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae)}, journal = {Transactions of the American Entomological Society}, volume = {108}, year = {1982}, pages = {287-314}, chapter = {287}, abstract = {

The physical features of the calling songs of a dozen species of Tettigoniidae from Costa Rica are recorded and analyzed. A new species, Cocconotus pusillus, is described from the cloud forest.

Several forms from the understory of lowland rainforest utilize high-Q (sinusoidal) carrier frequencies in the ultrasonic range and to this end the sound generating regions of the tegmina are uniquely strengthened. Relative to other katydids, these insects show what may be adaptations for avoidance of predatory bats: elongate antennae, lowered thresholds for elicitation of defensive behaviour and a severely curtailed signal emission time. It is proposed that reduced signal dura tion has placed a selective premium on localization efficiency during pair formation. The ultrasonic pure tone carrier, functioning in conjunction with highly directional ear slits, may be an adaptation to enhance localization.

}, url = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/25078301}, author = {Glenn K. Morris and Max Beier} }