@article {58054, title = {Contribution of acoustic methods to the study of insectivorous bat diversity in protected areas from northern Venezuela }, journal = {Acta ChiropterologicaActa Chiropterologica}, volume = {2}, number = {2}, year = {2000}, pages = {171-183}, abstract = {We present the results of an acoustic survey of aerial insectivorous bats conducted in four protected areas in
northern Venezuela. These areas represent localities where the taxonomic composition of the bat communities
was relatively well known. We conducted field surveys using the Anabat II detector and analysis system. We
compared acoustic inventories with previous lists obtained with conventional sampling methods (principally
mist nets). We identified 30 species acoustically (representing 15 genera of the families Emballonuridae,
Noctilionidae, Mormoopidae, Vespertilionidae, and Molossidae) on the basis of vocal signatures. Nineteen of
these were verified by capture and subsequent recording of released animals; the remainder were identified by
comparison with verified vocalizations from other localities. An additional 11 unidentified but distinct taxa
were recorded and are referred to here as {\textquoteright}sonotypes{\textquoteright} (based on similarities in call structure to known species)
representing eight genera of the families Emballonuridae, Vespertilionidae, and Molossidae. The short-term
acoustic surveys nearly equaled or exceeded the known species richness at three ofthe four localities, and added
two to nine species to previous lists from all locations; many of these bats correspond to taxa difficult to detect
with conventional capture methods.}, keywords = {acoustic survey, Anabat, community inventory, insectivorous bats, Neotropics, protected areas, sonotypes, technique comparison, Venezuela}, author = {Ochoa, Jos{\'e} and O{\textquoteright}Farrell, Michael J. and Miller, Bruce W.} } @article {58052, title = {Use of vocal signatures for the inventory of free-flying Neotropical bats}, journal = {BiotropicaBiotropica}, volume = {31}, number = {3}, year = {1999}, pages = {507-516}, abstract = {

An ongoing study is being conducted to test the efficacy of the Anabat II detector and analysis system in obtaining reliable vocal signatures for the identification of non-phyllostomid species of bats. We sampled a wide range of elevations and associated habitat types throughout Belize. Anabat provides an instantaneous output of echolocation call structure with a laptop computer. Select sequences can be saved directly to the hard drive, avoiding extraneous noise and sound distortion commonly associated with tape recorders. To date, 18 of the 37 species known or expected
to occur in the study region were identified by recognizable differences in the time-frequency characteristics of echolocation calls. In general, each family is recognizable by call structure patterns and species readily separated by frequency range parameters. Species that commute or forage at high altitudes are not susceptible to capture but are conspicuous by acoustic sampling. Further work is needed to determine limitations of the equipment, establish better sampling procedures, and develop a comprehensive library of vocal signatures incorporating the range of variation
inherent in each species. As this work progresses, we predict the addition of hitherto unknown species occurring within the study region.

}, keywords = {acoustic identification, Anabat, bats, Bauerus dubiaquercus, Chiroptera, diversity assessment, Emballonuridae, Eptesicus furinalis, inventory, Mormoopidae, Mormoops megalophylla, Myotis elegans, Neotropics, Noctilio leporinus, Pteronotus davyi, Pteronotus parnellii, Pteronotus personatus, Rhogeessa tumida, Saccopteryx bilineata, Saccopteryx leptura}, author = {O{\textquoteright}Farrell, Michael J. and Miller, Bruce W.} } @article {58026, title = {The Vocal Repertoire of Golden-Faced Sakis, Pithecia chrysocephala, and the Relationship Between Context and Call Structure}, year = {2020}, abstract = {

Vocalizations are a vital form of communication. Call structure and use may change depending on emotional arousal, behavioral context, sex, or social complexity. Pithecia chrysocephala (golden-faced sakis) are a little-studied Neotropical species. We aimed to determine the vocal repertoire of P. chrysocephala and the influence of context on call structure. We collected data June\–August 2018 in an urban secondary forest fragment in Manaus, Amazonian Brazil. We took continuous vocal recordings in 10-min blocks with 5-min breaks during daily follows of two groups. We recorded scan samples of group behavior at the start and end of blocks and used ad libitum behavioral recording during blocks. We collected 70 h of data and analyzed 1500 calls. Lowest frequencies ranged 690.1\–5879 Hz in adults/subadults and 5393.6\–9497.8Hz in the only juvenile sampled. We identified eight calls, three of which were juvenile specific. We found that, while repertoire size was similar to that of other New World monkeys of similar group size and structure, it also resembled those with larger group sizes and different social structures. The durations of Chuck calls were shorter for feeding contexts compared to hostile, but frequencies were higher than predicted if call structure reflects motivation. This finding may be due to the higher arousal involved in hostile situations, or because P. chrysocephala use Chuck calls in appeasement, similar to behavior seen in other primates. Call structures did not differ between sexes, potentially linked to the limited size dimorphism in this species. Our findings provide a foundation for further investigation of Pithecia vocal behavior and phylogeny, as well as applications for both captive welfare (stress relief) and field research (playbacks for surveys).

}, keywords = {Behavior, communication, Neotropics, Pitheciidae, Welfare}, doi = {10.1007/s10764-019-00125-7}, url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10764-019-00125-7}, author = {Muir, Jen and Barnett, Adrian and Svensson, Magdalena S.} } @article {53387, title = {Neotropical frogs and mating songs: The evolution of advertisement calls in glassfrogs}, journal = {Journal of Evolutionary Biology}, year = {2018}, month = {Mar-11-2020}, abstract = {

Anurans emit advertisement calls with the purpose of attracting mates and repelling conspecific competitors. The evolution of call traits is expected to be associated with the evolution of anatomical and behavioral traits due to the physics of call emission and transmission. Additionally, since vocalizing might imply a trade-off with investment in parental care, the evolution of calls is expected to trade-off with parental care. Here, we investigated the association between body size, calling site, parental care and call properties (call duration, number of notes, peak frequency, frequency bandwidth and call structure) of the advertisement calls of glassfrogs (Centrolenidae)\—a family of Neotropical, leaf-dwelling anurans\—using phylogenetic comparative methods. We also explored the tempo and mode of evolution of these traits and compared them with those of three morphological traits associated with body size, locomotion and feeding. We generated and compiled acoustic data for 72 glassfrog species (46\% of total species richness), including representatives of all genera. We found that almost all acoustic traits have significant, but generally modest, phylogenetic signal. Peak frequency of calls is significantly associated with body-size, while call structure is significantly associated with calling site and paternal care. Thus, the evolution of body size and calling site could constrain call evolution. The estimated disparity of acoustic traits was larger than that of morphological traits and the peak in disparity of acoustic traits generally occurred later in the evolution of glassfrogs, indicating a historically recent outset of the acoustic divergence in this clade.

}, keywords = {acoustic communication, amphibians, comparative method, Neotropics, phenotypic disparity}, doi = {10.1111/jeb.13406}, url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/jeb.13406}, author = {Escalona S, Mois{\'e}s D. and Ivo Sim{\~o}es, Pedro and Castroviejo-Fisher, Santiago} }