01382nas a2200217 4500008004100000245019200041210006900233300001200302490000700314520064600321653001300967653001000980653001900990653000901009653001801018653001701036100002101053700002201074700002701096856004101123 2021 eng d00aThe distribution and calls of Vraem’ Treefrog, Dendropsophus vraemi (Caminer, Milá, Jansen, Fouquet, Venegas, Chávez, Lougheed, and Ron 2017), with comments on its conservation status0 adistribution and calls of Vraem Treefrog Dendropsophus vraemi Ca a311-3170 v153 a

Dendropsophus vraemi is a recently described frog that is only known from the type locality, in La Mar province, Ayacucho, Peru. Here, we present new data on its geographic distribution, coloration in life, and habitat, as well as descriptions of the advertisement and aggressive calls of this species. The new localities extend the known distribution range 151 km northwest and the elevation range down to 250 m asl, which is nearly 450 m lower than previously known. Our findings are inconsistent with its current IUCN categorization of Least Concern (LC), and we suggest that this species should be categorized as Data Deficient.

10aAmphibia10aAnura10aData Deficient10aPeru10aSouth America10avocalization1 aChávez, Germán1 aBarboza, Andy, C.1 aThompson, Michelle, E. uhttps://bio.acousti.ca/sv/node/5845401759nas a2200181 4500008004100000245014700041210007000188520109900258653003301357653001001390653003001400653001501430653002501445100001401470700001901484700001901503856005501522 2004 eng d00aThe rôle of call frequency and the auditory papillae in phonotactic behavior in male Dart-poison frogs Epipedobates femoralis (Dendrobatidae)0 arôle of call frequency and the auditory papillae in phonotactic 3 a

Territorial males of the pan-Amazonian Dart- poison frog, Epipedobates femoralis, are known to present stereotypic phonotactic responses to the play- back of conspecific and synthetic calls. Fixed site attachment and a long calling period within an envi- ronment of little temperature change render this terres- trial and diurnal pan-Amazonian frog a rewarding species for field bioacoustics. In experiments at the field station Arataı ̈, French Guiana, we tested whether the prominent frequency modulation of the advertisement- call notes is critical for eliciting phonotactic responses. Substitution of the natural upward sweep by either a pure tone within the species frequency range or a reverse sweep did not alter the males’ phonotactic behavior. Playbacks with artificial advertisement calls embedded in high levels of either low-pass or high-pass masking noise designed to saturate nerve fibers from either the amphibian papilla or basilar papilla showed that male phonotactic behavior in this species is subserved by activation of the basilar papilla of the inner ear.

10aAcoustic playback experiment10aAnura10aCall frequency modulation10aphonotaxis10aTerritorial behavior1 aHödl, W.1 aAmézquita, A.1 aNarins, P., M. uhttp://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00359-004-0536-102138nas a2200181 4500008004100000245016300041210006900204520137500273653001001648653001801658653002701676653002501703100001701728700002201745700002301767700003001790856013601820 2019 eng d00aDiverse patterns of temporal selectivity in the evoked vocal responses of a frog from the temperate austral forest, Batrachyla taeniata (Batrachylidae)0 aDiverse patterns of temporal selectivity in the evoked vocal res3 a

Evoked vocal responses of male frogs Batrachyla taeniata to syn- thetic advertisement calls and variants having different temporal features altered parametrically were studied to identify patterns of evoked vocal responses (EVRs) that conform with static and dynamic modes of variation and with corresponding selective processes affected by different temporal components of the acoustic signals. Frogs responded with higher call rates and longer call durations to stimuli of 25–100 pulses/s, resembling conspecific calls. This response mode was not related to spectral differences among stimuli, as frogs responded similarly to a series of stimuli built with noise instead of tones. Frogs responded with lower call rates and shorter call durations to a non-pulsed 500-ms tone having the duration of the complete call, a decrement related to the dissimilar spectral composition of the tone, restricted to a single frequency, as frogs responded strongly to a non-pulsed 500-ms stimulus built with noise instead of a 2.1-kHz sinusoidal. Frogs responded with lower call rates and shorter call durations to synthetic calls composed by 3 or less pulses. The EVRs for pulse rate stimuli series are consistent with a stabilizing selectivity pat- tern, whereas EVRs for pulse duration and call duration stimuli series conform with directional selectivity patterns.

10aAnura10aBatrachylidae10aevoked vocal responses10atemporal selectivity1 aPenna, Mario1 aSolís, Rigoberto1 aCorradini, Paulina1 aMoreno-Gómez, Felipe, N. uhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09524622.2019.1616616https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/09524622.2019.161661601500nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245014500055210006900200260001600269300000800285490000900293520071900302653001301021653001001034653001201044100003301056700002001089700002701109700003001136856011601166 2019 eng d a1175-532600aAlmost a hundred years later, the advertisement call of Aparasphenodon brunoi Miranda-Ribeiro 1920 (Anura: Hylidae) from the Atlantic Forest0 aAlmost a hundred years later the advertisement call of Aparasphe cJan-01-2021 a4280 v45503 a

The Neotropical genus Aparasphenodon Miranda-Ribeiro is composed of five recognized species commonly referred as “casque-headed frogs” (Frost 2018). Aparasphenodon brunoi Miranda-Ribeiro occurs in Atlantic Forest lowlands from the states of São Paulo to Bahia, Brazil (Feio et al. 1998; Mollo Neto & Teixeira Jr. 2012; Ruas et al. 2013). The biology of most Aparasphenodon species is poorly known. Within the genus, until now only Aparasphenodon arapapa Pimenta, Napoli & Haddad has its call formally described (Lourenço-de-Moraes et al., 2013, Forti et al., 2018, Guerra et al., 2018). Herein, we describe the advertisement call of Aparasphenodon brunoi Miranda-Ribeiro.

10aAmphibia10aAnura10aHylidae1 aFREIRE, IASODHARA, RODRIGUES1 aTHOMASSEN, HANS1 aROCHA, PEDRO, CARVALHO1 aLEITE, FELIPE, SÁ FORTES uhttps://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/issue/view/zootaxa.4550.3https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.4550.3.1001531nas a2200205 4500008004100000022001400041245013700055210006900192260001600261300000800277490000900285520078600294653001301080653001001093653001901103100002901122700003101151700002801182856011501210 2019 eng d a1175-532600aThe vocalization of Gastrotheca fissipes (Boulenger, 1888) (Anura, Hemiphractidae) from the state of Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil0 avocalization of Gastrotheca fissipes Boulenger 1888 Anura Hemiph cJun-01-2019 a2840 v45433 a

Gastrotheca Fitzinger, 1843 (Hemiphractidae) is composed of 70 species classified into four species groups, among which Gastrotheca fissipes (Boulenger, 1882) and G. microdiscus (Andersson, 1910) species groups are distributed in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (Castroviejo-Fisher et al. 2015; Duellman & Venegas 2016). The Gastrotheca fissipes group comprises six species: G. fissipes, G. flamma Juncá & Nunes, 2008, G. megacephala Izecksohn, Carvalho-e-Silva & Peixoto, 2009, G. prasina Teixeira Jr. et al. 2012, G. pulchra Caramaschi & Rodrigues, 2007, and G. recava Teixeira Jr. et al. 2012, and most of these species are distributed in the northern Atlantic Forest, the most threatened region of the Atlantic Forest Domain (Ribeiro et al. 2009).

10aAmphibia10aAnura10aHemiphractidae1 aROBERTO, IGOR, JOVENTINO1 aSANTOS, EDNILZA, MARANHÃO1 aDe Carvalho, Thiago, R. uhttps://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/issue/view/zootaxa.4543.2https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.4543.2.601976nas a2200205 4500008004100000022001400041245014500055210006900200260001600269300000800285490000900293520122800302653001301530653001001543653001201553100002901565700002801594700003301622856011501655 2018 eng d a1175-532600aThe advertisement call of the treefrog Nyctimantis rugiceps Boulenger, 1882 (Anura: Hylidae), with notes on its natural history and toxicity0 aadvertisement call of the treefrog Nyctimantis rugiceps Boulenge cJul-12-2019 a4410 v45323 a

Nyctimantis rugiceps Boulenger, 1882 (Fig. 1A) is a Neotropical treefrog (Duellman & Trueb 1976; Faivovich et al. 2005) known only from disjunct localities in Amazonian Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru (Pérez-Villota et al. 2009). This species has the skin of the skull co-ossified and reproduces—including calling behavior, egg deposition and tadpole development—in water-filled tree or bamboo cavities (Duellman & Trueb 1976; Duellman 1978). Given its secretive behavior, this is a poorly known species and, as noted by Duellman (1978: 169), “the major clue to the life history of Nyctimantis is the calling behavior of the males”. Unfortunately, the only quantitative description of the advertisement call of N. rugiceps is a brief passage in Duellman (1978) based on four specimens from Santa Cecilia, Ecuador, where important variables are missing (e.g., call duration). More importantly, graphs illustrating the waveform and spectrogram are missing. Considering these limitations and the importance of advertisement calls to the study of anurans (Köhler et al. 2017), we provide a quantitative description using a call recording obtained in Leticia, Amazonas, Colombia.

10aAmphibia10aAnura10aHylidae1 aDe Souza, Camila Camargo1 aRivera-Correa, Mauricio1 aCastroviejo-Fisher, Santiago uhttps://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/issue/view/zootaxa.4532.3https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.4532.3.802908nas a2200265 4500008004100000022001300041245013100054210006900185260001600254300001100270520186500281653001002146653002602156653001602182653002602198653002302224653001702247100002602264700002502290700002202315700002202337700002302359700002702382856023302409 2018 eng d a2351989400aIntegrating bioacoustics, DNA barcoding and niche modeling for frog conservation – The threatened balloon frogs of Sri Lanka0 aIntegrating bioacoustics DNA barcoding and niche modeling for fr cJan-12-2018 ae004963 a

Discovering and monitoring anuran populations that are in decline, and ascertaining boundaries for cryptic and rare species, is a challenge for their conservation management. Here, we integrate three techniques, bioacoustics (call), niche modeling and DNA barcoding as a test case to investigate how the combination of these methods can enhance search efficiency for previously unknown populations, especially for those species that are threatened. As a focal group, we considered a clade in the genus Uperodon earlier referred to as Ramanella, represented by four endemic species in Sri Lanka (U. nagaoi – Endangered; U. palmatus – Critically Endangered; U. obscurus – Vulnerable and U. rohani – possibly Least Concern); we focus on the two highly threatened species (U. nagaoi and U. palmatus). We used mitochondrial DNA barcodes (16S rRNA) to link species accurately to their call and subsequently predicted species distributions using MaxEnt-based niche modeling of known species locations and forest cover data to increase the efficiency of searching for new populations. Lastly, we analyzed call data for accurate and rapid identification of new and viable populations. Following enhanced predicted distribution models, we visited 14 potential sites and sampled for Uperodon calls of the two highly threatened species. Within a period of two weeks of fieldwork, we discovered two new populations of U. nagaoi and one population of U. palmatus by identifying their calls in areas predicted by niche modeling; we also confirm species identities at several previously unconfirmed locations. Finally, we included the new locations to enhance the distributional predictions for the threatened species. We discuss our results in the context of integrating methods to facilitate conservation of rare and threatened frog species.

10aAnura10aDistribution modeling10aExploration10apopulation monitoring10aSpecies boundaries10avocalization1 aWijayathilaka, Nayana1 aSenevirathne, Gayani1 aBandara, Champika1 aRajapakse, Sanath1 aPethiyagoda, Rohan1 aMeegaskumbura, Madhava uhttps://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2351989418301781https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S2351989418301781?httpAccept=text/xmlhttps://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S2351989418301781?httpAccept=text/plain01482nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245009500055210006900150260001600219300000800235490000900243520071400252653001300966653001000979653001400989100003301003700002901036700003501065700001701100700001901117856011601136 2018 eng d a1175-532600aDescription of the advertisement calls of four species of Amazophrynella (Anura:Bufonidae)0 aDescription of the advertisement calls of four species of Amazop cFeb-08-2019 a1930 v44593 a

Amazophrynella comprises 11 small bufonid species with a pan-Amazonian distribution (Fouquet et al. 2012a, b; Rojas et al. 2016, Rojas et al. 2018). All species inhabit the forest leaf litter, breed in seasonal puddles and are diurnally and nocturnally active (Fouquet et al. 2012b; Rojas et al. 2014; 2015; 2016). Until now only one nominal species, A. javierbustamantei, and two putative lineages—A. moisesii (Rio Yuyapichis, Peru) and A. siona (Santa Cecilia, Ecuador)—had their advertisement calls formally described (Duellman 1978; Schlüter 1981; Rojas et al. 2016). Herein, we described for the first time the advertisement calls from additional four species of Amazophrynella.

10aAmphibia10aAnura10aBufonidae1 aDe Carvalho, Vinicius, Tadeu1 aÁvila, Robson, Waldemar1 aKAWASHITA-RIBEIRO, RICARDO, A.1 aHrbek, Tomas1 aGordo, Marcelo uhttps://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/issue/view/zootaxa.4459.1https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.4459.1.1102065nas a2200301 4500008004100000022001400041245012200055210006900177260001600246300000800262490000900270520095900279653001301238653001001251653001801261653002601279653002701305653003501332653001601367100002101383700002801404700002801432700002001460700002101480700001601501700001901517856022701536 2017 eng d a1175-532600aYet another small brown frog from high altitude on the Marojejy Massif, northeastern Madagascar (Anura: Mantellidae)0 aYet another small brown frog from high altitude on the Marojejy  cFeb-11-2018 a5720 v43473 aMadagascar hosts a high diversity of small brown frogs. In this paper, we add another one by describing Gephyromantis (Duboimantis) tohatra sp. nov. The new species is a small brown mantellid frog discovered on a recent expedition to Marojejy National Park in northeastern Madagascar. It is characterised, among other things, by its small size (snout-vent length ~33 mm), an orange to yellowish belly, two dorsolateral ridges, and a distinctive call composed of 7–10 pulsed notes. The new species occurs sympatrically with other members of the subgenus Duboimantis at high altitude (~1700 m above sea level), including its sister species G. schilfi from which it radically differs by advertisement call and by a substantial genetic divergence of 4.3% uncorrected pairwise distance in the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene. It thus joins the diverse assemblage of Gephyromantis species known from high altitudes on the mountain massifs of northern Madagascar.10aAmphibia10aAnura10aGephyromantis10aGephyromantis schilfi10aGephyromantis tandroka10aGephyromantis tohatra sp. nov.10aMantellidae1 aScherz, Mark, D.1 aRazafindraibe, Jary, H.1 aRakotoarison, Andolalao1 aDixit, Nadi, M.1 aBletz, Molly, C.1 aGlaw, Frank1 aVences, Miguel uhttps://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/issue/view/zootaxa.4347.3https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.4347.3.9https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/viewFile/34380/30388https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/viewFile/34380/3038804329nas a2200409 4500008004100000022001400041245011500055210006900170260001600239300000600255490000900261520318800270653001303458653001003471653000903481653001803490653002103508653001903529653001603548653000903564653001003573653001003583653002503593653001303618653001703631100001903648700001903667700002203686700002503708700002603733700001803759700001603777700002603793700002403819700001903843856005703862 2017 eng d a1175-532600aThe use of bioacoustics in anuran taxonomy: theory, terminology, methods and recommendations for best practice0 ause of bioacoustics in anuran taxonomy theory terminology method cNov-04-2017 a10 v42513 a

Vocalizations of anuran amphibians have received much attention in studies of behavioral ecology and physiology, but also provide informative characters for identifying and delimiting species. We here review the terminology and variation of frog calls from a perspective of integrative taxonomy, and provide hands-on protocols for recording, analyzing, comparing, interpreting and describing these sounds. Our focus is on advertisement calls, which serve as premating isolation mechanisms and, therefore, convey important taxonomic information. We provide recommendations for terminology of frog vocalizations, with call, note and pulse being the fundamental subunits to be used in descriptions and comparisons. However, due to the complexity and diversity of these signals, an unequivocal application of the terms call and note can be challenging. We therefore provide two coherent concepts that either follow a note-centered approach (defining uninterrupted units of sound as notes, and their entirety as call) or a call-centered approach (defining uninterrupted units as call whenever they are separated by long silent intervals) in terminology. Based on surveys of literature, we show that numerous call traits can be highly variable within and between individuals of one species. Despite idiosyncrasies of species and higher taxa, the duration of calls or notes, pulse rate within notes, and number of pulses per note appear to be more static within individuals and somewhat less affected by temperature. Therefore, these variables might often be preferable as taxonomic characters over call rate or note rate, which are heavily influenced by various factors. Dominant frequency is also comparatively static and only weakly affected by temperature, but depends strongly on body size. As with other taxonomic characters, strong call divergence is typically indicative of species-level differences, whereas call similarities of two populations are no evidence for them being conspecific. Taxonomic conclusions can especially be drawn when the general advertisement call structure of two candidate species is radically different and qualitative call differences are thus observed. On the other hand, quantitative differences in call traits might substantially vary within and among conspecific populations, and require careful evaluation and analysis. We provide guidelines for the taxonomic interpretation of advertisement call differences in sympatric and allopatric situations, and emphasize the need for an integrative use of multiple datasets (bio-acoustics, morphology, genetics), particularly for allopatric scenarios. We show that small-sized frogs often emit calls with frequency components in the ultrasound spectrum, although it is unlikely that these high frequencies are of biological relevance for the majority of them, and we illustrate that detection of upper harmonics depends also on recording distance because higher frequencies are attenuated more strongly. Bioacoustics remains a prime approach in integrative taxonomy of anurans if uncertainty due to possible intraspecific variation and technical artifacts is adequately considered and acknowledged.

10aAmphibia10aAnura10acall10acall analysis10acall description10acall variation10adefinitions10anote10apulse10asound10aspecies delimitation10ataxonomy10avocalization1 aKöhler, Jörn1 aJansen, Martin1 aRodríguez, Ariel1 aKok, Philippe, J. R.1 aToledo, Luís, Felipe1 aEmmrich, Mike1 aGlaw, Frank1 aHaddad, Célio, F. B.1 aRödel, Mark-Oliver1 aVences, Miguel uhttp://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/issue/view/zootaxa.4251.1