02399nas a2200217   4500008004100000245019100041210006900232300001200301490000700313520159700320653002901917653001701946653001401963653002001977100003101997700002702028700002602055700002602081700002402107856005002131       2019                        eng d00aFilling knowledge gaps about the ‘Data Deficient’ species Zachaenus carvalhoi Izecksohn, 1983 (Anura, Cycloramphidae): an endemic frog from the Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil0 aFilling knowledge gaps about the Data Deficient species Zachaenu  a113-2040 v123 a<p>Zachaenus carvalhoi is an endemic frog from the Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil. It is considered a rare species, being currently classified as &lsquo;Data Deficient&rsquo; by the IUCN due to the shortage of information about its natural history, ecological requirements, distribution and population trends. In the present study, we aim to fill gaps in the current knowledge of this species by: updating its altitudinal distribution range; describing its release call; providing new natural history data; and describing its karyotype. During fieldwork in the Municipality of Cataguases, Minas Gerais State, we recorded individuals of Z. carvalhoi in three small forest fragments, one of them at only 230 m a.s.l., which now represents the lowest known altitudinal record for this species. In all occasions, we only recorded this frog in calling activity during rainy days, suggesting an opportunistic breeding strategy. Moreover, the karyotype of Z. carvalhoi (2n = 26) is similar to those of other species of the family Cycloramphidae, but it differs remarkably in morphology and fundamental number. The advertisement call presented differences in the spectral structure in comparison to descriptions from other populations. In conclusion, Z. carvalhoi seems to be an explosive breeder occurring along a wide altitudinal range (low- and highland Atlantic Forest), and physical barriers such as mountain chains may not be a constraint to its dispersal. Furthermore, this species represents a promising subject for investigations over both bioacoustics and cytogenetic studies.</p>
10aAltitudinal distribution10abioacoustics10akaryotype10anatural history1 aGuedes, Jhonny, José Maga1 ade Assis, Clodoaldo, L1 aNovaes, Camila, Moura1 aDergam, Jorge, Abdala1 aFeio, Renato, Neves  uhttps://www.biotaxa.org/hn/article/view/40533